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Simeon Borden (January 29, 1798 - October 28, 1856) was an American inventor, engineer, and noted surveyor. Borden was born in Freetown, now Fall River, Massachusetts, to Simeon and Amey Briggs Borden; his younger brother Nathaniel Briggs Borden later became a United States Representative. He received a limited education at Tiverton, Rhode Island, and studied geometry and applied mathematics on his own. He became a woodworker and metalworker, practiced surveying, and in 1828 headed up a machine-shop in Fall River. In 1830 Bordon invented a new apparatus for accurately measuring the base line for the upcoming Massachusetts' Trigonometrical Survey. It was 50 feet long, enclosed in a tube, and used with four compound microscopes. The tube and microscopes were mounted on trestles, and adjustable to any direction. Borden's equipment was judged to be more accurate and convenient than any instrument available, and thus he assisted in measuring the Massachusetts base line (now known as the Borden Base Line) to a remarkable accuracy in 1831, and afterwards led the triangulation of the entire state from 1834-1841 as Superintendent of the Survey. He described this first geodetic survey in America in the ninth volume of the ''Transactions of the American Philosophical Society''. Borden surveyed and marked the line between Rhode Island and Massachusetts after their disputed boundary had been tried before the United States Supreme Court in 1844. He then turned his attention to railroads and telegraphs. In 1851 he strung a telegraph wire, suspended on masts 220 feet high, across the Hudson River from the Palisades to Fort Washington, a distance of more than a mile.〔"Simeon Borden", ''Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography'', edited by James Grant Wilson, John Fiske and Stanley L. Klos, New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1887-1889.〕 Borden died a bachelor in Fall River on October 28, 1856.〔(Death info )〕 He is buried in the family burial ground in Tiverton, Rhode Island.〔(Find a grave - Simeon Borden )〕 Most, if not all, of the original field notes from Borden's trigonometric survey of Massachusetts are in the possession of the Massachusetts Association of Land Surveyors and Civil Engineers, Inc., One Walnut Street, Boston, MA. == Selected works == * "An Account of the Trigonometrical Survey of Massachusetts", ''Transactions of the American Philosophical Society'', Volume 9, 18, Part I. * ''A System of Useful Formulae: adapted to the practical operations of locating and constructing Railroads'', Boston : Charles C. Little & James Brown, 1851. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Simeon Borden」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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